Question Home

Position:Home>Philosophy> How to tell if an argument is either deductively valid or inductively strong?


Question: How to tell if an argument is either deductively valid or inductively strong!?
How can you tell!? Can you use examples!?Www@QuestionHome@Com


Best Answer - Chosen by Asker:
inductive arguments go from specific facts to generalizations!.
deductive arguments go from general statements to specific conclusions!.Www@QuestionHome@Com

Deductively Valid: By virtue of the logical form, if the premises are true, the conclusion MUST be true!.
1!.If P, Then Q!.
2!.P!.
3!.Therefore Q
You can plug anything into the two slots (P &Q) and it will be logically valid (This is just one of the acceptable logical forms)!. Sound arguments are valid and have true premises!.
Strong Inductive argument: An argument that doesn't logically guarantee the conclusion to be true, it just gives you reason to believe the conclusion!.

Deduction
1!. Socrates is a man (A=B)
2!. All men are mortals (B=C)
3!. Therefore, Socrates is mortal (A=C)
Induction
1!. We have not yet witnessed a living man die!.
2!. Therefore, all men are mortal!.

Notice in the induction, all it takes is one case of an immortal man to make the conclusion wrong!. We have reason to believe the conclusion holds, but it is not a logical necessity!.Www@QuestionHome@Com