What are the Negative impacts of colonization for the North American Indians?

Question: What are the Negative impacts of colonization for the North American Indians!?
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By the 17th century, as most European explorers, fur traders, and settlers began to arrive in North America, native populations were on the verge of collapse because of new diseases (such as smallpox) and wide-spread epidemics (influenza) against which the Indians had no immunity!. In addition, warfare (with old enemies and new immigrants), new technologies (horse, iron, and firearms), change of economy (to fur trading and sheep grazing), different food sources (European-style farming and federal handouts), and treaties (restricting or removing Indians from traditional lands) all had significant consequences – some positive, many negative–on native cultures and populations!.
By the 1800s, many native languages and tribes were becoming extinct and knowledge of the "old" ways was dying!. Only a handful of ethnographers and anthropologists (many employed by the Smithsonian Institution and/or the American Bureau of Ethnology) felt the need to record the Indian languages and lifestyles before the last of many tribes disappeared!. Even fewer of these researchers asked questions about the native peoples deliberately changing ecosystems!.Www@QuestionHome@Com