Position:Home>History> What is the story of taiwan and china.?

Their was a kind of civil war in China before WW2, and it was Communists vs!. Capitolists!. The Communists were losing badly, so they retreated into the interior of china while the Capitolists controlled the coast!.

Then WW2 started and the Capitolists did most of the fighting because they were closer to the battles!. And after WW2 the Capitolists took heavy losses and were outnumbered by the Communists, so some of them retreated to Taiwan!.Www@QuestionHome@Com

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Well the Chinese Civil War began after World War II between Chiang Kai Chek and Mao Tse Tsung!. Well the Communists won control over most of China and the Republican Chinese retreated to Taiwan!.

There's has been a de-facto war between them since the Chinese Civil War!. Both parties want total control of the Chinese homelandWww@QuestionHome@Com

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Umm!.!.!.!.they make stuff for us!!!! WOO!Www@QuestionHome@Com

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This article is about the island of Taiwan!. For the state that governs Taiwan, see Republic of China!. For other uses, see Taiwan (disambiguation)!.
Taiwan
臺灣
台灣

Taiwan is mostly mountainous in the east and gently sloping plains in the west!. The Penghu Islands (the Pescadores) are west of Taiwan (Satellite photo by NASA)!.
Geography

Location Pacific Ocean, 120 km (74!.6 mi) off the coast of mainland China
Coordinates 23°46′N 121°0′E? / ?23!.767, 121
Area 35,801 km2 (13,822!.8 sq mi)
Rank 39th
Highest point Yu Shan — 3,952 m (2!.5 mi)

Administration
Republic of China
Demographics
Population approx!. 23 million (as of 2005)
Indigenous people 98% Han Chinese
84% Taiwanese
Min-nan (70% of the total population)
Hakka (14% of the total population)
14% Mainlander
2% Taiwanese aborigines

Please note that all population percentages are those of the total population of the island
Taiwan (traditional Chinese: 臺灣 or 台灣; simplified Chinese: 台湾; Hanyu Pinyin: Táiwān; Tongyong Pinyin: Táiwan; Wade-Giles: T'ai2-wan1; Taiwanese: 大圓, Tai-oan) is an island in East Asia!. "Taiwan" is also commonly used to refer to the territories governed by the Republic of China (ROC) and to ROC itself, which governs the island of Taiwan, Orchid Island and Green Island in the Pacific off the Taiwan coast, the Pescadores in the Taiwan Strait, and Kinmen and the Matsu Islands off the coast of mainland Fujian!. The island groups of Taiwan and Penghu (except the municipalities of Taipei and Kaohsiung) are officially administered as Taiwan Province of the ROC!. However, in practice, almost all government power is exercised at the national and local (city/county) levels!.

Taiwan is also currently claimed by the People's Republic of China (PRC) as a PRC province!. Though the government of the PRC has never controlled Taiwan island or any of the current ROC territory commonly referred to as "Taiwan"!.

The main island of Taiwan, also known as Formosa (from Portuguese (Ilha) Formosa, meaning "beautiful (island)"), is located in East Asia off the coast of mainland China, southwest of the main islands of Japan but directly west of the end of Japan's Ryukyu Islands, and north-northwest of the Philippines!. It is bound to the east by the Pacific Ocean, to the south by the South China Sea and the Luzon Strait, to the west by the Taiwan Strait and to the north by the East China Sea!. The island is 394 kilometers (245 miles) long and 144 kilometers (89 miles) wide and consists of steep mountains covered by tropical and subtropical vegetation!.

Contents [hide]
1 History
1!.1 Prehistory
1!.2 Early settlement
1!.3 European settlement
1!.4 Koxinga and Imperial Chinese rule
1!.5 Japanese rule
1!.6 Kuomintang martial law period
1!.7 Modern democratic era
2 Geography
3 Geology
4 Climate
4!.1 Environment and pollution
4!.2 Natural resources
4!.3 Energy resources
5 Society
5!.1 Ethnic groups
5!.2 Languages
5!.3 Religion
5!.4 Culture
6 Leading technologies
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links



History
Main articles: History of Taiwan and Timeline of Taiwanese history
The neutrality or factuality of this section may be compromised by weasel words, which can allow the implication of unsourced information!.
You can help Wikipedia by removing weasel worded statements!.This section has been tagged since May 2008!.


Prehistory
Main article: Prehistory of Taiwan
Evidence of human settlement in Taiwan dates back thirty thousand years, although the first inhabitants of Taiwan may have been genetically distinct from any groups currently on the island!. About four thousand years ago, ancestors of current Taiwanese aborigines settled in Taiwan!. These aborigines are genetically related to Malay and Polynesians, and linguists classify their languages as Austronesian!.[1] Polynesians are suspected to have ancestry traceable back to Taiwan!.


Early settlement
Han Chinese began settling in the Pescadores in the 1200s, but Taiwan's hostile tribes and its lack of the trade resources valued in that era rendered it unattractive to all but "occasional adventurers or fishermen engaging in barter" until the sixteenth century!.[2]

Records from ancient China indicate that Han Chinese might have known of the existence of the main island of Taiwan since the Three Kingdoms period (third century, 230 A!.D!.), having assigned offshore islands in the vicinity names like Greater Liuqiu and Lesser Liuqiu (etymologically, but perhaps not semantically, identical to Ryūkyū in Japanese), though none of these names has been definitively matched to the main island of Taiwan!. It has been claimed but not verified that the Ming Dynasty admiral Cheng Ho (Zheng He) visited Taiwan between 1403 and 1424!.


European settlement
Main article: Taiwan under Dutch rule
In 1544, a Portuguese ship sighted the main island of Taiwan and dubbed it "Ilha Formosa", which means "Beautiful Island!." The Portuguese made no attempt to colonize Taiwan!.

In 1624, the Dutch established a commercial base on Taiwan and began to import workers from Fujian and Penghu as laborers, many of whom settled!. The Dutch made Taiwan a colony with its colonial capital at Tayoan City (present day Anping, Tainan)!. Both Tayoan and the island name Taiwan derive from a word in Sirayan, one of the Formosan languages!.

The Dutch military presence was concentrated at a stronghold called Castle Zeelandia!.[3] The Dutch colonists also started to hunt the native Formosan Sika deer (Cervus nippon taioanus) that inhabited Taiwan, contributing to the eventual extinction of the subspecies on the island!.[4]


Koxinga and Imperial Chinese rule
Main article: Taiwan under Qing Dynasty rule
Naval and troop forces of Southern Fujian defeated the Dutch in 1662, subsequently expelling the Dutch government and military from the island!. They were led by Koxinga (traditional Chinese: 鄭成功; simplified Chinese: 郑成功; pinyin: Zhèng Chénggōng)!. Following the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Koxinga retreated to Taiwan as a self-styled Ming loyalist and established the Kingdom of Tungning (1662–83)!. Koxinga established his capital at Tainan and he and his heirs, Zheng Jing (traditional Chinese: 鄭經; simplified Chinese: 郑经; pinyin: Zhèng Jīng), who ruled from 1662–82, and Zheng Keshuang (traditional Chinese: 鄭克塽; simplified Chinese: 郑克塽; pinyin: Zhèng Kèshuàng), who served less than a year, continued to launch raids on the south-east coast of mainland China well into the Qing Dynasty, attempting to recover the mainland!.

In 1683, following the defeat of Koxinga's grandson by an armada led by Admiral Shi Lang of Southern Fujian, the Qing Dynasty formally annexed Taiwan, placing it under the jurisdiction of Fujian province!. The Qing Dynasty government tried to reduce piracy and vagrancy in the area, issuing a series of edicts to manage immigration and respect aboriginal land rights!. Immigrants mostly from Southern Fujian continued to enter Taiwan!. The border between taxpaying lands and "savage" lands shifted eastward, with some aborigines 'Sinicizing' while others retreated into the mountains!. During this time, there were a number of conflicts between Chinese from different regions of Southern Fujian, and between Southern Fujian Chinese and aborigines!.

In 1887, the Qing government upgraded Taiwan's status from prefecture of Fujian to full province, the twentieth in the country, with its capital at Taipei!. This was accompanied by a modernization drive that included building Taiwan's first railroad and starting a postal service!.[5]


Japanese rule
Main article: Taiwan under Japanese rule

The building currently known as the ROC Presidential Office was originally built as the Office of the Governor-General by the Japanese government!.Imperial Japan had sought to control Taiwan since 1592, when Toyotomi Hideyoshi began extending Japanese influence overseas!. In 1609, the Tokugawa Shogunate sent Arima Harunobu on an exploratory mission!. In 1616, Murayama Toan led an unsuccessful invasion of the island!.

In 1871, an Okinawan vessel shipwrecked on the southern tip of Taiwan and the crew of fifty-four were beheaded by the Paiwan aborigines!. When Japan sought compensation from Qing China, the court rejected the demand on the grounds that the "wild"/"unsubjugated" aboriginals (traditional Chinese: 台灣生番; simplified Chinese: 台湾生番; pinyin: Táiwān shēngfān) were outside its jurisdiction!. This open renunciation of sovereignty led to a Japanese invasion of Taiwan!. In 1874, an expeditionary force of three thousand troops was sent to the island!. There were about thirty Taiwanese and 543 Japanese casualties (twelve in battle and 531 by endemic diseases)[citation needed]!.

Qing China was defeated in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–95), and ceded Taiwan and the Pescadores to Japan in perpetuity in the Treaty of Shimonoseki!. Inhabitants wishing to remain Chinese subjects were given a two-year grace period to sell their property and remove to mainland China!. Very few Taiwanese saw this as feasible!.[6]

On May 25, 1895, a group of pro-Qing high officials proclaimed the Republic of Formosa to resist impending Japanese rule!. Japanese forces entered the capital at Tainan and quelled this resistance on October 21, 1895!.

The Japanese were instrumental in the industrialization of the island; they extended the railroads and other transportation networks, built an extensive sanitation system and revised the public school system!. During this period, both rice and sugarcane production greatly increased!. At one point, Taiwan was the seventh greatest sugar producer in the world[citation needed]!. Still, the ethnic Chinese and Taiwanese aborigines wWww@QuestionHome@Com

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