History.. can anyone give a short description about chiang kai shek of china ?

Question: History!.!. can anyone give a short description about chiang kai shek of china !?
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Not SHORT, ITS LARGER
Chiang Kai-shek, GCB (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) served as Generalissimo of the national government of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 until his death in 1975!. When Sun Yat-sen died in 1925, Kai-shek took control of the Kuomintang (KMT)!. To end the Warlord era and unify China, Chiang led nationalist troops in the Northern Expedition!. He became the overall leader of the ROC in 1928!.[2] Chiang led China in the Second Sino-Japanese War, during which Chiang's stature within China weakened because of his constant attempts to eliminate the communist party, but his international prominence grew!. During the civil war (1927-1949), he attempted to eradicate the Chinese Communists but ultimately failed, forcing his KMT government to escape to Taiwan, where he continued serving as the President of the Republic of China and Director-General of the KMT until his death!.

Contents [show]
1 Early life
2 Succession of Sun Yat-sen
3 Tutelage over China
4 Wartime leader of China
5 Losing Mainland China
6 Presidency in Taiwan
7 Death and legacy
8 Names
9 See also
10 Notes
11 Wives
12 Further reading
13 External links

[edit] Early life
Chiang Kai-shek was born in Xikou, a town that is approximately 20!.5 miles (33!.0 km) southwest of downtown Ningbo, in Fenghua County, Ningbo Prefecture, Zhejiang Province!. However, his ancestral home, a concept important in Chinese society, was the town of Heqiao (和橋鎮) in Yixing County, Wuxi Prefecture, Jiangsu Province (approximately 38 km or 24 miles southwest of downtown Wuxi, and 10 km (6 miles) from the shores of the famous Lake Tai)!.

His father, Chiang Zhaocong, and mother, Wang Caiyu, were members of an upper to upper-middle-class family of salt merchants!. His father died when Kai-shek was only eight years of age, and he wrote of his mother as the "embodiment of Confucian virtues!." In an arranged marriage, Chiang was married to a fellow villager by the name of Mao Fumei!.[3] Chiang and Mao had a son Ching-Kuo and a daughter Chien-hua!.

Chiang grew up in an era in which military defeats and civil wars among warlords had left China destabilized and in debt, and he decided to pursue a military career to save China!. He began his military education at the Pao-ting Military Academy (Baoding Military Academy), in 1906!. He left for a preparatory school for Chinese students to enter Rikugun Shikan Gakko in Japan in 1907!. There he was influenced by his compatriots to support the revolutionary movement to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and to set up a Chinese Republic!. He befriended fellow Zhejiang native Chen Qimei, and, in 1908, Chen brought Chiang into the Tongmenghui, a precursor organization of the Kuomintang!. Chiang served in the Imperial Japanese Army from 1909 to 1911!.

Chiang returned to China in 1911 after learning of the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, intending to fight as an artillery officer!. He served in the revolutionary forces, leading a regiment in Shanghai under his friend and mentor Chen Qimei!. The revolution which aimed at the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty ultimately succeeded!. Chiang became a founding member of the Kuomintang!.

After the takeover of the Republican government by Yuan Shikai and the failed Second Revolution, Chiang, like his Kuomintang comrades, divided his time between exile in Japan and havens in Shanghai's foreign concession areas!. In Shanghai, Chiang also cultivated ties with the criminal underworld dominated by the notorious Green Gang and its leader Du Yuesheng!. Chiang had numerous brushes with the law during this period and the International Concession police records show an arrest warrant for him for armed robbery!.

On February 15, 1912 Chiang shot and killed Tao Chengzhang, the leader of the Restoration Society, at point-blank range as Tao lay sick in a Shanghai French Concession hospital, thus ridding Chen Qimei of his chief rival!.On May 18, 1916 agents of Yuan Shikai assassinated Chen Qimei!. Chiang succeeded Chen as leader of the Chinese Revolutionary Party in Shanghai!. This was during a low point in Sun Yat-sen's career, with most of his old Revolutionary Alliance comrades refusing to join him in the exiled Chinese Revolutionary Party, and Chen Qimei having been Sun's chief lieutenant in the party!.

Chiang Kai-shek was appointed by Sun Yat-sen as Commandant of the Whampoa Military Academy!.In 1917, Sun Yat-sen moved his base of operations to Guangzhou and Chiang joined him in 1918!. Sun, at the time was largely sidelined, and, without arms or money, was soon expelled from Guangzhou, in 1918, and exiled again to Shanghai, but restored again with mercenary help in 1920!. However, a rift had developed between Sun, who sought to militarily unify China under the KMT, and Guangdong Governor Chen Jiongming, who wanted to implement a federalist system with Guangdong as a model province!. On June 16, 1923 Chen attempted to assassinate Sun from Guangzhou and had his residence shelled!. Sun and his wife Soong Ching-ling narrowly escaped under heavy machine gun fire and were rescued by gunboats under Chiang's direction!. The incident earned Chiang Sun Yat-sen's trust!.

Sun regained control in Guangzhou in early 1924 with the help of mercenaries from Yunnan, and accepted aid from the Comintern!. He then undertook a reform of the Kuomintang and established a revolutionary government aimed at unifying China under the KMT!. That same year, Sun sent Chiang Kai-shek to spend three months in Moscow studying the Soviet political and military system!. Chiang's eldest son, Ching-kuo, remained in Russia until 1937!. Chiang Kai-shek returned to Guangzhou and in 1924 was made Commandant of the Whampoa Military Academy!. The early years at Whampoa allowed Chiang to cultivate a cadre of young officers loyal to him and, by 1925, Chiang's proto-army was scoring victories against local rivals in Guangdong province!. Here he also first met and worked with a young Zhou Enlai, who was selected to be Whampoa's Political Commissar!. However, Chiang was deeply critical of the Kuomintang-Communist Party United Front, realizing that the Communists plan to take over the KMT from within!.

Throughout his rise to power, Chiang Kai-Shek also benefited from membership of the nationalist Tiandihui fraternity, to which Sun Yat-Sen also belonged, and which remained a source of support during his leadership of China and later Taiwan!.

[edit] Succession of Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen died on March 12, 1925,[4] creating a power vacuum in the KMT!. A power struggle ensued between Chiang, who leaned towards the right wing of the KMT, and Sun Yat-sen's close comrade-in-arms Wang Jingwei, who leaned towards the left wing of the party!. Though Chiang ranked relatively low in the party's internal hierarchy, and Wang had succeeded Sun to power as Chairman of the National Government, Chiang's military power and political maneuvering following the Zhongshan Warship Incident led him to emerge victorious!. Chiang, who became Commander-in-Chief of the National Revolutionary Army in 1925, launched the Northern Expedition on July 27, 1926, a military campaign to defeat the warlords controlling northern China and unify the country under the KMT!.

Chiang Kai-shek in 1926, during the Northern Expedition!.The National Revolutionary Army branched into three divisions—to the west, Wang Jingwei led a column to take Wuhan; to the east, Bai Chongxi led another column to take Shanghai; while Chiang led in the middle to take Nanking—before they were to press ahead to take Beijing!. However, in January 1927, allied with the Chinese Communists and Soviet Agent Mikhail Borodin, Wang Jingwei and his KMT leftist allies having taken the city of Wuhan amid much popular mobilization and fanfare, declared the National Government to have moved to Wuhan!. After taking Nanking in March (and with Shanghai under the control of his close ally General Bai), Chiang was forced to halt his campaign and decided to first clean house and break with the leftists!.

On April 12, Chiang began a swift attack on thousands of suspected Communists!. He then established National Government in Nanking, supported by conservative allies including Hu Hanmin!. The communists were purged from the KMT and the Soviet advisers were expelled, which led to the beginning of the Chinese Civil War!. Wang Jingwei's National Government was unpopular with the masses, and was weak militarily and was soon overtaken Chiang with a local warlord (Lee Zhong-Ren of Guangxi) eventually Wang and his leftist party surrendered to Chiang and join him in Nanking!. Finally, the warlord capital of Beijing was taken in June 1928 and in December, the Manchurian warlord Zhang Xueliang pledged allegiance to Chiang's government!.

Chiang made gestures to cement himself as the successor of Sun Yat-sen!. In a pairing of much political significance, Chiang married, on December 1, 1927, Soong May-ling, the younger sister of Soong Ching-ling, Sun Yat-sen's widow, whom he had proposed to beforehand but by whom he had been swiftly rejected, in Japan and thus positioned himself as Sun Yat-sen's brother-in-law!. (To please Soong's parents, Chiang had to first divorce his first wife and concubines and promise eventually to convert to Christianity!. He was baptized in the Methodist church in 1929!.) Upon reaching Beijing, Chiang paid homage to Sun Yat-sen and had his body moved to the capital Nanking to be enshrined in a grand mausoleum!.

[edit] Tutelage over China
Chiang Kai-shek gained control of China, and his party enjoyed popular support; however, there were still "surrendered" warlords that were autonomous within its own regions!. In 1928, Chiang was named Generalissimo of all Chinese forces and Chairman of the National Government, a post he held until 1932!. According to Sun Yat-sen's plans, the Kuomintang was to rebuild ChWww@QuestionHome@Com

some historians call him the father of the Chinese republic!.Www@QuestionHome@Com