What are the literary devices in 'Ode To A Grecian Urn' by John Keats?

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The odes of Keats are based on a technique or device formed by himself called Negative Capability

See Below...........I shall give you notes on Negative Capability and his 'Ode On A Grecian Urn'.....

Negative Capability

Keats coined the phrase 'Negative Capability' in a letter written to his brothers George and Thomas on the 21December, 1817. In this letter he defined his new concept of writing:

"I mean Negative Capability, that is when man is capable of being in uncertainties, Mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason."

It is the poet's ability to escape into a world and be unaware of the realities till the execution of fanciful creation is completed. The poet leaves behind the world of realities to experience a life of emotional triumph and tranquility. This was what he proclamined in his letter to Benjamin Bailey as 'O for a life of sensations, rather than of thought". It is otherwise explained as the dual life of the poet. He has one life in his poems, the romantic being, forgetful of the realities and the other, his actual being in the world of adversities. Keats had that intense desire to escape into nature as we see in his poem 'Fancy'

"EVER let the Fancy roam,
Pleasure never is at home:
At a touch sweet Pleasure melteth,
Like to bubbles when rain pelteth;
Then let wingèd Fancy wander
Through the thought still spread beyond her:
Open wide the mind's cage-door,
She'll dart forth, and cloudward soar."

Opening the door of the mind, he escaped into the wilderness and romances of nature--- and he absorbed its music and gave an out break to it in the lyre of his spirit. It is not an exaggeration to any degree what Shelley says in 'Adonais'

"He is made one with Nature: there is heard
His voice in all her music; from the moan
Of thunder to the song of night's sweet bird;
He is a presence to be felt and known
In darkness and in light, from herb and stone,
Spreading itself where'er that Power may move"

ODE ON A GRECIAN URN

"The excellence of every art is its intensity, capable of making all disagreables evaporate from their being in close relationship with Beauty and Truth." (this is what Keats wrote in a letter, explaining his idea of poetic perception or his technique)

In "Ode on a Grecian Urn," Keats observes a relic of ancient Greek civilization, an urn painted with coulourful scenes from Greek life. The first scene depicts musicians and lovers in a setting of rustic beauty. Keats attempts to contrast with human life, the characters because to him they represent the timeless perfection only art can capture.
Unlike life, which in Keats's "Ode to a Nightingale" is characterized by "the weariness, the fever, and the fret" brought on by humans' awareness of their own passing, the urn's characters are frozen in time. The lovers will always love, though they will never consummate their desire. The musicians will always play beneath the trees that will never lose their leaves.

The speaker admires this state of existence, but in the end it leaves his "heart high-sorrowful." This is because the urn, while beautiful and seemingly eternal, is not life. Or in other words, it make him know the fraility of human birth. The lovers, while forever young and happy in the chase, can never engage in the act of fertility that is the basis of life, and the tunes, while beautiful in the abstract, do not play to the "sensual ear" and are in fact "of no tone." In other words, the lovers will have their roses ever blooming, though mortality cannot keep her lustrous eyes. Keats had the unsatisfied desire to have himself in the urn so that his music will remain, and will pass to coming generations, though he will leave his mortal nest. Filled with dualities—time and timelessness, silence
and sound, the static and the eternal—the urn in the end is a riddle that has "teased" the speaker into a believing that beauty is truth.

The poem attains the peak of poetic creativity while read on the foundation of the philosophy that 'two is one and one is beauty'
Two in one, one is beauty............(this is just for you to understand)........see......we have two eyes....but it makes one....we have two ears....but it makes one....that one is beauty.........how ugly we would have been if we had only one eye and one ear! understand? like wise, we have two legs, two hands, two lips, two nostrils..........and everything....exist as a pair....that pair exhibits a oneness, which is beautiful.....Keats, at first call the urn as a bride, which is unravished or chaste............but he touches it....ravishes it inorder to explain how beautiful it is........so Keats is the bridegroom...and urn his bride............they unite.......and a child is born...........do you know who is the child? the child is the 'poem'. So here....two combined to form one........Keats and Urn combined to give birth to a poem...........and that poem is beauty.......beautiful! that beauty is a truth......which we can understand.......right? keats is not at all lying about his association with urn and their child beauty.........thus beauty is truth...and that truth is a beautiful fact........as a poet, as an artist, that's all one need to know on earth!

Note:- I hope this note will help.......and please dont get confused and burn your head at points where you dont understand.....Keats is a very simple poet...and infact one of the best...but the theories the critics frame on his verse sometimes appear complex. I advice you to copy the notes I gave above and present it to the teacher, or whatever purpose you need it....you will get the maximum marks, I assure...
and if this helps, please dont forget to inform me....