So, I know novel writing has no rules, but I've found a trend... anything you gu

Question:

So, I know novel writing has no rules, but I've found a trend... anything you guys would like to add?

I wanted to vent a trend I've found in novels (fantasy and sci. fi. to be exact). I've noticed there's always a Chosen One or Tool. In Lord of the Rings, the ring is obviously the tool and in Harry Potter, Harry's obviously the Chosen.
I've also noticed that a regular trend is a portal to a different world. In The Matrix, it was the pill. In The Chronicles of Narnia, the wardrobe was the portal.
Any more trends you guys have noticed generally occur in novels? And I know my theories do not apply to ALL novels, but in a general. Thanks for all your input in advanced, guys!

Additional Details

5 days ago
Oh... well... there ARE some obvious trends such as story related activities as subject, body, conclusion, an absolute evil, an absolute good. Yadda, yadda. Foreshadowing. Blah, blah.
What I'm trying to track down are trends that aren't obvious, but very distinct like the ones I listed.

Best Answer - Chosen by Asker: 5 days ago
Oh... well... there ARE some obvious trends such as story related activities as subject, body, conclusion, an absolute evil, an absolute good. Yadda, yadda. Foreshadowing. Blah, blah.
What I'm trying to track down are trends that aren't obvious, but very distinct like the ones I listed.